Railway Squatters Ordered to Go

The Jakarta Globe

Squatters living beneath an elevated railway track in Central Jakarta have pleaded with state railway operator Kereta Api to delay its eviction plan to give them time to find new lodgings.


KA has announced a March 8 deadline to raze all 800 homes built beneath the section of track running from Sawah Besar Station in Central Jakarta to Kota Station in West Jakarta.

None of the residents affected by the order will be compensated because their homes are built on state-owned land.

Rumiyati, a mother of two who lives beneath the tracks in Kebon Kelapa, Central Jakarta, and also rents out boarding rooms there, has called on KA to put off the eviction until the end of the school year.

“I wouldn’t mind having to move out because I’ve known all along that this would eventually happen,” she told the Jakarta Globe on Monday.

“However, I need time because I have kids and they’re still going to school. Finding another place isn’t easy or free. That’s why the March 8 deadline seems impossible. It’d make it easier if the government was compensating us, but they’re not.”

She added she was reluctant to transfer her children to another school because of the disruption and the additional expenses.

“It’d be fine if we were the kind of people with millions of rupiah in our pockets, but we’re not,” said Rumiyati, who is originally from Central Java. “We moved here because we wanted our kids to have a good education. So all we ask is that we be allowed to stay until the school holidays.”

Ita Ludiana, 23, said she had moved to Kebon Kelapa from Bogor because she believed she could earn more money in the capital.

She said she rented one of the illegal lodgings for Rp 600,000 ($70) a month but would not mind having to move.

“We don’t own the place so we have nothing to lose by moving out,” she said. “However, we can’t simply move someplace else. Finding lodgings near here at this kind of price is difficult, so we want the government to give us more time to move out.”

Yudhi Permada, a motorcycle taxi driver who has lived beneath the tracks for more than 15 years, said he also had no objections and was thankful to have been allowed to stay as long he had.

“Why would I protest against the eviction?” he asked. “It’s the government’s land. I don’t own it and I know it’s not right to live beneath the elevated railway track because it’s dangerous, so the government is in the right.”

The only reason he lived there, he said, was because the Rp 250,000 a month rent was affordable for him and his family.

Officials from KA and the Jakarta Public Order Agency (Satpol PP) visited the area on Thursday to serve notice to the squatters about the upcoming eviction.

Mateta Rizalulhaq, a spokesman for KA, said the squatters had been informed of the plan at the beginning of the month. “Today we’ve come to remind them in person to prepare to move out,” he said.

“We can’t accept their request to delay the eviction because we don’t want any complications to arise during that period.”

He added most of the residents were amenable to the move. “Just a few days ago we had a discussion with the squatters’ representatives, and they thanked us for letting them live there for many years without cracking down on them,” he said.

Mateta said KA would give the squatters free train tickets to their hometowns.

He said the main reason for the eviction was to improve safety along the train tracks.

He cited a fire last month at a shack beneath the elevated track in Tamansari, West Jakarta, that melted cables controlling railway signals and disrupted the train schedule for a week.

“The priority is to curb the illegal dwellings near Kota Station, which is the train safety control center,” he said. “We want to manage the area beneath the tracks and safeguard the signal system for the trains.”

Duck-Stealing Trial Ruffling Legal Feathers

The Jakarta Globe

Bekasi. Waiting anxiously for a court hearing on Wednesday, Irpan Fakhruroji and Iyan Sanjaya could barely answer when asked why they were facing a charge that could see them spend up to seven years in jail.


Prosecutors accuse Iyan of stealing a duck to sell it off for gas money. Police named Irpan an accomplice.

The boys, both 18 years old, have been charged with violating Criminal Code Article 363 on petty theft, which carries a maximum of seven years.

Small and seemingly frivolous cases like these have been flooding court dockets in recent years, prompting mixed reactions from legal experts.

Some say these petty cases are not worth judges’ time or effort, and are best settled out of court. Others say handling such cases — no matter how lowly — is necessary to the efficient functioning of the legal system.

In a hearing last week, Irpan angrily demanded that judges release him immediately not only because he was innocent, but because he had finals exams.

But on Wednesday, the defendants found they had to stew in distress for a while longer.

After a three-hour wait in the courtroom, the Bekasi District Court was forced to adjourn since Irpan and Iyan’s court-appointed lawyers failed to show up.

Roland, a prosecutor, barred the teenagers from speaking to anyone outside the courtroom, for fear that sympathetic people might help them escape.

“Nobody has bothered to show up. So I am responsible for them,” Roland said on Wednesday. “I just do not want to be blamed for anything should these two try to escape from here.”

However, Andi Hamzah, a law professor from Trisakti University, said the prosecutor’s office should not have brought such a case to trial.

“For cases with such small value, the prosecutors can easily dismiss the case by simply demanding, for example, compensation from the defendant’s family, [in behalf of] the victim,” he said.

“Most of the prosecutors here do not understand the system,” Andi said. “In Holland, for instance, 60 percent of cases can be handled out of court.”

Martua Batubara, spokesman for the Justice Ministry, said they recently formed a forum for courts, prosecutors’ offices and the police to consult on how best to handle such cases.

“The forum aims for justice restoration including finding alternatives for such crimes,” he said. “The forum also accommodates ideas on whether the Criminal Code should be revised and includes clauses on light crimes, including methods of punishment such as social work.”

But Mohammad Irvan Olii, a criminologist, said such decisions were not so simple to make.

“Some victims believe that pursuing the case legally is the easiest way to satisfy their sense of justice,” Irvan said.

Besides the victims, he said, people also needed to consider the police officers, who are racing to meet quotas on crimes solved.

“The police have a professional target that they need to meet. Therefore processing such small cases is easier, and ends quicker,” Irvan said.

Bambang Widodo Umar, a lecturer on police education, suggested that such cases should be dealt under hukum adat , or traditional laws practiced in some provinces to resolve disputes.

He cited the Bali’s Pecalang, or village police officers, who resolve petty crimes aside from providing security.

“If there is a problem and we are contacted, we will try our best to resolve the issue without bringing it to the police,” said I Ketut Bagia, a chief of the Pecalang in Ubud, a town in central Bali.

FPI Leader Fires Up Court With Anti-Christian Screed

The Jakarta Globe

In a fiery speech in court that moved some to tears, a suspended Islamic Defenders Front leader on trial for inciting attacks against a Christian group in Bekasi continued to issue threats against church leaders on Monday.


Murhali Barda, a former chapter leader of the hard-line group, also known as the FPI, warned the Batak Christian Protestant Church (HKBP) against holding prayers in Bekasi, a predominantly Muslim district in West Java.

He was suspended from the Islamic organization after his arrest in September.

“There are two messages I mean to send off to the HKBP. Do not repeat the same mistake again. Do not be stupid sheep wandering into the same yard after being asked to leave,” Murhali said, reading from a prepared defense statement at the Bekasi District Court.

“If you do not listen, do not blame the owner of that yard if he forces you out by throwing stones at you or beating you with a block of wood,” Murhali said.

The defendant is accused of inciting an attack against two HKBP leaders in Ciketing village on Sept. 12 through his anti-Christian statements on radio, text messages and his personal Facebook page.

Twelve others were brought to court in separate trials for the assault, which saw Asia Sihombing stabbed and the Rev. Luspida Simandjuntak beaten.

One of the suspects, Supriyanto, admitted in court that he had been inspired to violence by Murhali’s Facebook postings.

On Monday, Murhali denied spreading messages of hate through the social networking site, but described the 13 men on trial — including himself — as icons of “anti-Christianization.”

“Don’t you know Jesus had [only] 12 disciples? There are 13 of us,” he said.

“There will be 313 mujahids [holy warriors] who will be ready to fight against you. All we want is for [the HKBP] to respect us. We will not bother you if you do not bother us,” he added.

“I am not a crazy person. I am not going to blacken my [reputation] by doing something stupid [like inciting people to violence],” he said. “All I did was just an attempt to prevent efforts to Christianize people in Bekasi.”

The defendant also accused prosecutors of “manipulating the case” and twisting facts.

He ended his statement with a plea to judges “not to issue the wrong decision” in the case.

Murhali’s speech, peppered with verses from the Koran, brought many in the courtroom to tears, including his mother, his supporters and at least two police officers.

His inflammatory statements on Monday were a complete turnaround from his display in a hearing last month, when he stunned judges and the gallery by bursting into tears and advocating social harmony.

“We have to maintain harmony in society. We would not have bothered the other group if only the other group had not bothered us. All we want is to live our lives in peace,” he had said tearfully.

Prosecutors have sought a six-month jail term for Murhali for violating Criminal Code Article 335 on unpleasant conduct. He escaped heavier sanctions after assault and provocation charges against him were dropped.

Article 170 on assault and destruction of property carries a maximum penalty of five years and six months in jail, while Article 160 on written or verbal provocation carries up to six years.

Shalih Manggara Sitompul, Murhali’s lawyer, said the decision to drop the other charges proved his client’s innocence.

Suspended FPI Leader Claims Courtroom Conspiracy

The Jakarta Globe

Bekasi. The suspended head of the Bekasi branch of the notorious Islamic Defenders Front has rejected prosecution demands that he be jailed for six months for his role on leaders of the Batak Christian Protestant Church (HKBP) in Bekasi last year.


The lawyer for Murhali Barda, Shalih Manggara Sitompul, told the Bekasi District Court on Monday that prosecutors had manipulated the case because they had presented wrong facts during the trial.

“All of the facts presented in the hearings, all of the witnesses, said that they did not see Murhali Barda commit unpleasant conduct regarding the September 12 attack,” Shalih told the court.

“But the prosecutors have attempted to present the facts that occurred on August 1 and 8, when the Ciketing residents launched a protest against the HKBP’s plan to build a church there, while the trial is actually about the September 12 incident,” he said.

“Therefore, we hope that the judge will be fair in his verdict and release Murhali immediately.”

Last week, prosecutors stunned the courtroom when they demanded a six-month jail term for Barda, who was initially accused of inciting the attack through text messages and radio speeches as well as through his personal Facebook page.

Shalih said the prosecutors had manipulated the facts of the case due to outside pressure.

During the trial, the hard-liner stunned judges and the gallery at his trial by bursting into tears and advocating social harmony.

The FPI strongman is one of 13 standing trial for the stabbing of Asia Sihombing and beating of the Rev. Luspida Simandjuntak.

The attack took place as the congregation was its way to Ciketing, where it had been holding services after authorities sealed off the house it was using as a church in nearby Pondok Timur Indah.

This Business Sucks: Depok Man Bets on Leeches

The Jakarta Globe

Depok. Leeches may be slimy and suck your blood, but they can also be highly beneficial, said Indonesian leech vendor Wahyu Cromer, adding that his faith in what the worms could do for the human body was so great that he and his friends decided to invest in a leech farm nearly five years ago. 


Today their small farm churns out a profit of Rp 30 million ($3,400) a month at the very least, and growth in the alternative medication therapy, particularly for heart and diabetes patients, is showing no signs of stopping. 

Wahyu remembers how his sickly father suffered his third stroke in 2006, and he had run out of ideas of where to turn to until he heard of alternative leech therapy in Cirebon. He decided to give it a go. 

“Initially my father couldn’t move whatsoever. Within three months of leech therapy, my father started showing significant improvement. I was stunned. I was so satisfied with what leeches could do for my father, I began to scour for information on the medicinal strengths of the leech — and business opportunities,” Wahyu told the Jakarta Globe on Sunday. 

He added that along with business partners Midin Muhidin and Bimala Dewi, he invested in 400 medicinal leeches at a cost of Rp 12 million. Their farm, known as eNHa, is located at the back of Wahyu’s home on Jalan Haji Bona in Limo, Depok. 

“We were excited. I knew the prospects were good so I discussed this with Dewi and Midin. We knew the potential of this business because investing in leeches at the time was a novelty,” Wahyu said. 

Wahyu said it took them a year to find the perfect conditions for the leeches to breed. “Conditions must be humid, dark and free of pollution. Pollution can kill the leech,” he said, adding that the leeches are hermaphrodites. 

The farm is currently home to 22 ponds, each with about 1,000 medicinal leeches. 

“It takes six months before a leech can be used for therapy. We spend just Rp 5 million a month now for operational costs, and make a clean profit of at least Rp 30 million a month.” 

Leech Therapy Clinic 

Last year eNHa established the eNHa Clinic, for leech therapy. 

“Initially we just wanted to make do with the farm, but then the requests came in — many were related to leech therapy. So we opened our clinic,” Midin said, adding that they saw to at least five patients a day with a variety of problems. 

“Leech therapy is your ‘live’ acupuncture therapy. It is therefore very vital to know which points to place the leech on. The number of leeches which are used is different for every patient — it depends on their problems. One patient could use just two, while other patients could use up to 25 leeches. Every patient pays a different price,” Midin said. 

But what happens to leeches after they are used on a human? 

“They are killed — using alcohol — and used as plant fertilizers. It’s the same principle as with needles: We throw them away after we use them, because we have no idea what is inside the patient’s body. We will never use the same leech on another patient,” Wahyu said. 

Before the leeches are used for therapy, they will be quarantined for a few weeks without any food to make sure they suck the patient’s blood. 

“Normally we feed the leeches eel. One pond with 1,000 leeches will need one kilogram of eel, which will satisfy them for a couple of weeks. But the ones that will be used [for therapy] will not be fed and placed in clean water without mud,” Midin said. 

“We are now working together with professors from University of Indonesia, Diponegoro University and also the Bandung Institute of Technology to find out everything we can about the use of the leeches.” 

Supply and Demand 

Dewi, Wahyu’s other partner, said it was difficult to meet demand, as people as from as far as America and Egypt were willing to place orders. 

“Home-based leech therapy is growing like crazy, from the east to the west of Indonesia. We have found ourselves supplying 10,000 leeches throughout the nation each month, and that’s just a small part of the business,” Dewi told the Globe. 

“Requests for leeches have been made from India, South Korea, Egypt and the United States. But unfortunately we have not been able to meet demand for dried leeches [used to make medicinal powder],” she said. “We might in a short time, but it’s hard, even though profits seem very promising. We just don’t want to send customers poor quality leeches.” 

But shipping live leeches oversees also proves difficult. 

“That is what we are trying to learn. But for now, it seems that sending people dried leeches is far more profitable,” Wahyu said. 

He added that in order to be able to meet international demand, he was training 50 people who showed a sincere interest in the leech business. 

But more people are still welcome, Dewi said.

Century Defendant Claims She’s Taking the Fall

The Jakarta Globe

A former senior Bank Century employee whose criminal case has drawn considerable public attention since her blogger daughter published a heartfelt plea on her behalf, in her closing statement to the Central Jakarta District Court on Thursday claimed she was just doing her job.


Arga Tirta Kirana, the since rebranded bank’s former corporate legal division head, denied being ultimately responsible for the disbursement of credit to shady companies without going through the proper procedures while she was working for Bank Century in 2009.

The prosecution is seeking a 10-year jail term and a Rp 10 billion ($1.1 million) fine.

Arga, mother of teenage writer and activist Alanda Kariza, 19, told the court: “I am not the one who is responsible in this case nor have I benefited from it.”

During her 20-minute testimony, Arga claimed she was being made a scapegoat to divert attention from the main issues surrounding the bailout process.

“I have been tyrannized. Hermanus [Hasan Muslim] and Robert Tantular are the ones who are responsible. Why is my sentence demand harsher than theirs? Is the judicial mafia behind this?” Arga said. “I have been set up so I can take the fall.”

Tantular, the disgraced former co-owner of the bank, since renamed Bank Mutiara, was sentenced to nine years in jail, while Hermanus, a former director, received six years.

Arga said she was only following orders at the time the credit was handed out and added that “Hermanus and Robert were looking for somebody to take the fall for the problematic disbursement of funds from the Deposit Insurance Agency [LPS] to Bank Century.”

Arga pleaded with the judge to consider the fate of her children.

“I hope, Your Honor, that you will follow your conscience in reaching your verdict. Nothing worries me more than the fate of my daughters. The youngest is 5 years old and still in kindergarten, my second daughter is 8 years old and the oldest is 19 and still in college. My husband is jobless after being fired from Bank Century in 2008,” she said.

After the hearing, Arga’s lawyer Humphrey Djemat told the Jakarta Globe that his client was merely doing her job as instructed by her employers. “She was asked by her boss to dole out funds to companies which later proved to be fake. But she did not know at the time these companies were fake. So she signed the credit facility documents using her name,” he said.

Purportedly bogus firms Wibowo Wadah Rejeki and Accent Investindo Indonesia received Rp 121.3 billion and Rp 60 billion, respectively, in loans.

“We are seeking justice for [Arga],” Humphrey said.

“Robert as well as Hermanus should take responsibility for their actions instead of trying to make an ordinary employee who knew nothing about what they were up to take the fall.”

Man Testifies He Joined Ahmadiyah Attack Last Year ‘to Be in The Group’

The Jakarta Globe
Man Testifies He Joined Ahmadiyah Attack Last Year ‘to Be in The Group’

Bogor. A villager told a court in West Java on Wednesday that he only joined a mob that attacked an Ahmadiyah Community in Bogor last October because he wanted to be part of the crowd.

Imam Tamawi told the Cibinong District Court that he had no idea why the mob burned down an Ahmadiyah mosque, schools and homes in the village of Cisalada.

The resident of Pasar Salasa village in Ciampea was testifying at the trial of the three men accused of inciting violence and destroying property in Cisalada, home to about 600 members of the besieged Islamic sect.

The defendants are Dede Novi, 18, Aldi Afriansyah, 23, and Akbar Ramanda, 17.

“I actually had no idea what they were going to do that night, but I just wanted to join them because they were so many of them and they were all walking togethe and heading somewhere,” Imam said. “I joined and ended up in Cisalada.

“I also started to throw the stinesm even though I actually had no idea why they were attacking the [Ahamadiyah] mosque in Cisalada. I felt I was part of the group.”

In response to a question by prosecutor Aji Sukartaji, Imam said that while he was pleating stone at the mosque, someone in the mob throw a molotov cocktail, but he didn’t see who was responsible.

“I could tell it was a Moloto cocktail from the sound it made. But I am not sure who threw it because it came from out of the crowd in front of me.” he said.

Matsuki, an officer from the Public Order Agency (Satpol PP), provided Wednesday’s hearing court with an account of what happened prior of the attack.

A resident of a neighboring Kebun Kopi village, Matsuki, told the court that a group of 30 men had arrived at his home and asked if the Public Order Officers planned to tear down the Ahmadiyah Mosque in Cisalada, which they claimed was in violation of the law.

Matsuki said the men left his home upset because he could not provide them with the answer they wanted to hear.

“They were disappointed with me. I told them that I had no authority to really say anything.” he told the court.

“They came to ask about the administration’s plan to tear down the Ahmadiyah mosque” he said.

“I am only an Satpol PP officer and I was in no position to give them a definite answer. Tearing down or sealing off a building requires an officer order.”

Matsuki told the court that after the men left his house, they headed west toward Cisalada.

“I had no idea that they would attack Cisalada after they came to see me,” he said.

“I was actually surprised that they wanted to talk to me. To my understanding, they had already had a meeting with officials from the local administration to discuss the matter of the Ahmadiyah mosque. I don’t know what they came out of that meeting. “

The court heard another witness, Dede Suryana, who told the hearing that he had seen and could identify two of accused attempting to burn down the mosque.

“Dede Novi was trying to burn some of the books in the mosque, including the Koran using matches, and Rama [Akbar Ramanda] was trying to destroy the roof of the mosque,” Suryana told the court.

During the hearing, the protesters outside the courthouse could be heard shouting anti-AHmadiyah slogans, including “Destroy Ahmadiyah, destroy Ahmadiyah, they are not Islam!”

Following the hearing, supporters of the defendants headed for Cisalada and appeared to be prepared to attack. Police in the village, however, were able to prevent any violence and detained five people.

Ministry to Sue New7Wonders Over Komodo Snub

The Jakarta Globe

The Culture and Tourism Ministry will sue the organizers of the New 7Wonders of Nature competition for removing it as the Komodo National Park’s official backer in the competition, a lawyer said on Wednesday.


Todung Mulya Lubis, representing the ministry in the suit, said the Swiss-based New7Wonders Foundation acted unfairly in dropping the ministry as the park’s official supporter. “It’s unfair because it was the ministry that first registered Komodo for the competition and signed the standard participation agreement,” Todung told the Jakarta Globe. “Therefore, we want them to reinstate the ministry as the official supporting organization.”

On Monday, New7Wonders said the ministry would no longer be allowed to officially support the park’s campaign because it had failed to meet its obligations.

In a statement posted on the foundation’s Web site, New7Wonders president Bernard Weber said the ministry had to be dropped in order to keep the national park in the contest.

“In the case of Komodo, the evidence clearly points to the unsuitability of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism as our authorized New7Wonders Official Supporting Committee,” he said.

The ministry also failed to meet requirements in its bid to host the awards ceremony for the competition’s winning entries later this year. However, Todung said it had never signed an agreement to host the ceremony, adding that Komodo’s participation in the New7Wonders campaign and Indonesia’s willingness to host the awards ceremony were two different things.

“Their decision to drop the ministry as the official supporting committee is an attempt to discredit Indonesia’s government and has no legal basis,” he said.

Culture and Tourism Minister Jero Wacik said the legal action against New7Wonders “to uphold Indonesia’s reputation.”

He added that he had never signed a contract with the foundation that would oblige the government to pay $10 million in licensing fees and Rp 420 billion ($47 million) to host the ceremony.

However, New7Wonders has denied asking for the latter sum, saying the government’s only commitment if it wanted to support the private consortium organizing the ceremony was around $10 million.

Husband Comes Out in Defense of Key Suspect

The Jakarta Globe

The husband of Nunun Nurbaetie Daradjatun, the missing link in the Miranda Goeltom corruption scandal, said on Tuesday that his wife was indeed ill and the constant negative media attention would only worsen her condition. 


Adang Daradjatun, Nunun’s husband and a former National Police deputy chief, asked journalists to respect the legal process taken by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK). 

“Please, respect the principle of the presumption of innocence. Her position in this case is that of an eyewitness,” said Adang, who is also a Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) lawmaker. 

“Stop this character assassination by the media because it will aggravate her condition.” 

The KPK has been attempting to formally question Nunun since early last year. Four convicted former lawmakers identified her as the courier of Rp 24 billion ($2.7 million) worth of traveler’s checks allegedly used to buy legislators’ votes to appoint economist Miranda as senior deputy governor of Bank Indonesia in 2004. 

Nunun has ignored four summonses from the KPK, with her lawyers saying she is suffering from a mysterious amnesia-like illness, for which she is being treated in Singapore. 

Dr. Andreas Harry, a neurologist at Gading Pluit Hospital in North Jakarta, has been treating Nunun since 2009. 

“On July 25, 2009, Nunun suffered a stroke, the effects of which lasted for six months,” Andreas said. “But because her condition was not improving, I suggested that the family go to Singapore to get better treatment. That was when they went to Mount Elizabeth Hospital.” 

Andreas said that according to the most recent medical reports available, Nunun’s illness was not affecting her ability to speak, but it was causing memory loss similar to that seen in patients suffering from dementia. She appears physically healthy, he said, but her memory is poor. 

Adang would not say where Nunun was currently being treated, but welcomed an independent assessment of his wife’s health by a doctor appointed by the antigraft commission. 

“I just expect that the doctor would be a qualified doctor who could conduct a thorough examination of my wife,” he said. “I don’t want them to diagnose her from physical appearance alone. Her problem is internal.” 

Haryono Umar, a deputy chairman of the KPK, said the body would continue to monitor developments in the case and decide on its next step. 

“We do not have any immediate plan to send doctors to check Nunun’s health,” he said.

Shock: Bekasi FPI Leader Faces 6-Month Sentence for Role in HKBP Attack

The Jakarta Globe


Prosecutors stunned the courtroom audience on Monday when they demanded a mere six-month jail term for defendant Murhali Barda, one of 13 men standing trial for an attack on leaders of the Batak Christian Protestant Church (HKBP) in Bekasi last September.

Murhali is the suspended head of the Bekasi chapter of the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI). He was initially accused of inciting the attack through text messages and radio speeches as well as through his personal Facebook page.

The Sept. 12 attack saw the stabbing of Asia Sihombing and beating of Luspida Simandjuntak, both of whom are leaders of the congregation.

“We are recommending that Murhali be jailed for a maximum of six months, minus the time he has already spent in prison and fined Rp 1,000 [$0.11] in damages,” prosecutor Priorentha told the court hearing, saying Murhali had been proven guilty of violating Article 335 on unpleasant conduct. The article carries a maximum jail term of one year.

“He is a known cleric. He is guilty of encouraging his followers, whether through text messages or Facebook updates. But not a single eyewitness has said the cleric had issued instructions to attack the church leaders.”

Priorentha added that the mitigating factors prosecutors considered for Murhali were his politeness and good behavior in court and the fact that he had four small children who still needed his parental guidance.

“What has been proven against Murhali is that he had joined the protests against the HKBP, carried out orations rejecting the HKBP and their activities in Ciketing and sent out invitations to people to join protests,” he said.

Aside from violation of Article 335 on unpleasant conduct, Murhali had previously also been accused of violating Articles 170 and 160. Article 170 on assault and destruction of property carries a punishment of up to five years and six months. Article 160 on written or verbal provocation carries a maximum sentence of six years. Prosecutors decided not to include those charges.

Murhali’s lawyer, Shalih Manggara Sitompu,l said the sentence demand proved Murhali’s innocence in terms of provocation and damage to property as well as assault on the leaders.

“If Murhali had really violated the law, why did the prosecutors simply say he was guilty of [violating] Article 335, and did not mention Articles 170 and 160?” the lawyer said.

Prosecutors demanded harsher sentences for other defendants in the case.